Baritone guitar properly means a six-string instrument tuned B' - b, see guitar tunings.
However, Fender have also produced a shorter-scale version of the Fender Bass VI under names such as the Fender Baritone Custom and Fender Jaguar Baritone Custom. This was based on the Fender Jaguar, and featured a Jaguar body, two single-pole Jaguar pickups with their distinctive toothed pole pieces (and tone!), and Jaguar electrics with their distinctive upper and lower circuits. It was shipped with the same string set as the Bass VI, and tuned E' - e, identically to the Bass VI and to the classical bass guitar. The Bass VI is itself associated with the Jaguar series, with which it shares a tremolo arm, body styling but not shape, and pickups, but three of them in a different control configuration with some Jaguar features but overall a more conventional setup.
The Baritone Custom has no tremolo arm.
And just to complete the confusion at Fender, they also made a genuine baritone guitar in the Jaguar series, the Fender Jaguar Baritone Special HH, tuned B' - b, with a 27" scale length and a Fender Jaguar body but two humbucking pickups and very conventional electrics, and again no tremolo arm. So at first glance, the two Jaguar Baritones look very similar indeed... Except one is a baritone, and the other is a bass!
In the last year of production, the Fender Jaguar Baritone Custom was belatedly renamed the Fender Jaguar Bass VI Custom (or Fender Bass VI Custom in some sales literature). Same guitar. See about Fender and names for more on this.
See also
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